Voltage regulators: guarantee continuity during voltage fluctuations

At a time when the power grid is under increasing strain, unpredictable voltage variations pose a silent threat to your business continuity. Even a fraction of a second of undervoltage or a sudden spike can lead to disrupted PLCs, unexplained machine failures and costly damage to sensitive electronics.

A voltage regulator, or Active Voltage Conditioner (AVC), completely eliminates this risk. This system acts as an active buffer between the grid and your installation: it continuously measures the incoming voltage and corrects deviations in real time to a perfect sine wave. This keeps your equipment running within specifications at all times, regardless of the quality of the supply. Choose security and prevent downtime before it occurs.

In brief: What you need to know about voltage regulators

Short on time? Here are the key points you need to know:

The solution: An Active Voltage Conditioner (AVC) is a voltage regulator that continuously corrects the sine wave form to the nominal level (e.g. 400V).

For whom is voltage stabilisation crucial?

This technology is essential for organisations where voltage quality(Power Quality) tolerances are close. We see this mostly at:

  • Industry & Manufacturing: CNC machines, extruders and robotics that jam at the slightest dip in voltage.
  • Data centres: where servers and cooling systems depend on a stable power supply.
  • Hospitals: Where medical equipment (MRI, CT) does not tolerate fluctuations.
  • Maritime sector: where on-board grids are often unstable due to heavy loads (thrusters).

Are you a Technical Manager or Installation Manager? Then you probably recognise the vague malfunctions that occur "when the big machines start".

What is a voltage regulator (AVC)?

A voltage regulator, specifically an Active Voltage Conditioner (AVC), is a system placed between the source (the transformer) and the load (your machines). The device continuously measures the input voltage.

Think of it as the 'cruise control' of your electrical installation. If the car drives up a hill (voltage dip due to load), the motor accelerates. If you drive down a hill (voltage spike), it will brake. An AVC does this electrically: it quickly injects extra voltage when there is a dip, or reduces it when there is a peak. As a result, your equipment always gets exactly the voltage it is designed for.

Why is power quality a business priority?

Equipment is becoming increasingly sophisticated, but also more sensitive. A modern production line is full of power electronics that immediately go into failure for a deviation of only a few percent in voltage. The consequences are concrete:

  • Downtime (Downtime): A dip of 20 milliseconds can shut down a process of hours.
  • Material damage: Printed circuit boards and power supplies wear out faster or burn out with repeated surges.
  • Product rejection: In the process industry (e.g. extrusion or chemistry), a short interruption often means that the entire batch can be thrown in the bin.
  • Warranty issues: Machinery suppliers reject claims if it turns out that the supply voltage did not meet the standard.

How do you recognise voltage problems in practice?

A faulty machine is often thought of, while the cause lies in the voltage. Typical signs are:

  • Lighting that flashes or dims briefly.
  • Machines that fail "randomly", often at specific times.
  • Relays or contactors that fail spontaneously.
  • UPS systems that switch on frequently without complete power failure.

Causes: These variations often arise from inrush currents from large motors (your own or your neighbours'), imbalance in the grid, or the length of cabling. The rise of solar panels and wind energy is also causing more fluctuations on the public grid.

The solution: active voltage regulation

Whereas a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is mainly designed to cope with power outages (with batteries), an AVC is designed to ensure continuous power quality.

  • Correction of Dips and Peaks: An AVC can correct long-term voltage variations (e.g. ± 15%) and short-term deep dips to a tight nominal voltage.
  • Speed: Response time is extremely short (often <3 milliseconds), so sensitive electronics do not even notice the disturbance.
  • No Batteries: Unlike a UPS, an AVC usually does not need batteries for voltage regulation, which saves on maintenance and space.

Nuance: In the event of a complete power failure (blackout), an AVC does not help; that requires a UPS or emergency generator. However, for 90% of Power Quality events (dips/peaks), an AVC is the more efficient solution.

Roadmap to stable voltage

Want certainty about your voltage quality? Follow these steps:

  1. Inventory: Map which machines are prone to failure and when this occurs.
  2. Analysis: Our engineers analyse the data. Is it a dip, a harmonic problem or a grounding issue?
  3. Selection: Does voltage stability prove to be the problem? Then we select the right capacity AVC.
  4. Verification: A follow-up measurement confirms that the voltage is now stable, regardless of grid contamination.

Common mistakes in voltage problems

  1. Blindly rely on the UPS: A UPS is expensive to buy and maintain if you only want to handle voltage variations. An AVC is more specific and efficient for this purpose.
  2. Don't measure: Buying a solution (such as a capacitor bank) without knowing the cause often leads to worsening problems (e.g. resonance).
  3. Focus on averages: Looking at average voltage tells you nothing. The momentary dips (milliseconds) cause the damage. You need equipment that records events.
  4. Symptom management: resetting machines or replacing circuit boards does not solve the core problem. The costs keep coming back.

When is specialist help needed?

Not every voltage dip requires an external consultant immediately. However, in specific situations, the risk is too high to act on assumptions. Call in HyTEPS if you recognise any of the following signs:

  • Unexplained 'patterns': faults occur at fixed times or during specific actions, but the cause is not directly measurable with standard multimeters.
  • Warranty discussions: A supplier of a new machine refuses to issue a warranty because your power supply "wouldn't be right". You need an independent expert report as proof.
  • Capacity problems after expansion: After installing solar panels, EV chargers or heat pumps, problems suddenly arise.
  • Frequent damage: When circuit boards, power supplies or variable speed drives fail more often than once a year for no apparent reason.

Advice: Do not experiment with filters or capacitor banks in these cases. The wrong choice can lead to resonance, exacerbating rather than solving problems.

Want to know more about Power Quality?

Delve further into the subject matter via these related pages:

Frequently asked questions

Answer:

Symptoms are often subtle until things go wrong. Look out for unexplained machine failures, flickering lights, cables getting hot or transformers buzzing. Also, if electronics (PLCs, drivers) fail earlier than the service life indicates, chances are that the power quality is insufficient. A Power Quality measurement provides the answer.

Answer:

This is possible, provided you have a high-quality Power Quality Analyzer (according to IEC 61000-4-30 Class A) and the knowledge to interpret the data. Collecting data is easy; analysing the correlation between events, harmonics and your specific business processes requires specialist engineering knowledge. We are happy to support you in the analysis.

Answer:

Not by definition. NEN-EN 50160 describes the minimum requirements for voltage at the grid operator's transfer point. However, modern equipment can be more sensitive and malfunction even if the voltage is within this standard. We therefore look beyond the standard: we look at the compatibility between your power supply and your connected load.

Answer:

Peace of mind, certainty and insight. You get a clear diagnosis of the 'health' of your electrical installation. We pinpoint the cause of faults, enabling you to avoid unplanned downtime and reduce fire risks or unnecessary energy losses. You receive a concrete advisory report with practical points for improvement.

Answer:

No, that is a misconception. A filter is a powerful tool, but not a panacea. Sometimes the solution lies in changing transformer settings, redistributing loads or adjusting cabling. HyTEPS always recommends a thorough analysis and simulation before we recommend hardware, to avoid unnecessary investments.

Answer:

Yes, significantly. Solar panel inverters and LED lighting drivers are non-linear loads that cause harmonics and sometimes supraharmonics. This can lead to interference with other equipment or overloading of the neutral conductor. When renovating or preserving, a Power Quality check is essential to ensure operational reliability.

Answer:

We call this phenomenon 'nuisance tripping'. Often the cause is not the total amount of current, but the distortion of the current (harmonics) or short peak currents that your measuring equipment misses. This contamination can extra heat up thermal protections or confuse electronic protections, causing them to switch off wrongly. A specialised measurement can find out exactly why a protection reacts.

Answer:

For a reliable picture, we usually measure at least one to two weeks. This is necessary to capture a full duty cycle, including weekends and peak loads. For specific acute failures, we can also take short-term measurements or deploy 'continuous waveform recording' to capture transients.

Answer:

Your installer is an expert in installation and maintenance (the 'general practitioner'). HyTEPS is the specialist (the 'Power Quality Doctor'). We have advanced measuring equipment, simulation software and in-depth knowledge of theoretical electrical engineering and regulations. We often work together with installers to solve complex puzzles that fall outside standard knowledge.

Answer:

After the measurement, you receive a report with conclusions in understandable language as well as technical details. If necessary, we simulate the possible solutions in our software. So you know exactly what the effect of a measure will be in advance. We then supervise the implementation and verify the result with a follow-up measurement.

Done with unexplained failures?

In doubt as to whether voltage variations are the cause of your problems? Don't keep guessing. Speak to an engineer from HyTEPS. We will help you with a targeted analysis and the right hardware to ensure your operational reliability.

HyTEPS

Beemdstraat 3

5653 MA Eindhoven